About Catfishes
A diverse order of predominantly freshwater fishes distinguished by whisker-like barbels.
Siluriformes (catfishes) comprise some 3,000+ species in families such as Ictaluridae (North American channel catfish), Siluridae, Loricariidae (armored catfishes), and Pangasiidae.
Morphology. Catfishes are named for their prominent barbels (whisker-like sensory organs around the mouth). Most lack scales; many are protected by bony plates or naked skin, and some (e.g., electric catfish, Malapterurus) can deliver electric shocks. A strong spine in the dorsal and pectoral fins often bears a venom gland in many species.
Habitat & distribution. Predominantly freshwater (rivers, lakes, swamps) on every continent except Antarctica; a few (ariid catfishes, Plotosidae) are marine or estuarine.
Ecology & human use. Largely benthic detritivores, omnivores, or predators. Catfishes are among the most important aquaculture fishes globally (channel catfish, pangasius, clarias).
